The Mechanical Universe... and Beyond (1985)
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The Mechanical Universe... and Beyond影片简介
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Mechanical_Universe
The first 26 episodes are titled "The Mechanical Universe" on the show itself.[2] The last 26, episodes 27 through 52. are titled "The Mechanical Universe ...and ...展开Beyond".[3]
[edit]The Mechanical Universe
# # Title Directed by Written by
1 1 "Introduction" Peter F. Buffa Jack Arnold
Brief overview of the material in the first 26 episodes.
2 2 "The Law of Falling Bodies" Peter F. Buffa Peter F. Buffa
How falling bodies behave and an introduction to the derivative.
3 3 "Derivatives" Mark Rothschild Pamela Kleibrink
Review of the mathematical function the derivative.
4 4 "Inertia" Peter F. Buffa Albert Abrams
How Galileo used the law of inertia to answer questions of the stars.
5 5 "Vectors" Peter F. Buffa Deane Rink
Vectors not only have a magnitude but also a direction.
6 6 "Newton's Laws" Mark Rothschild Ronald J. Casden
Newton's first, second and third laws.
7 7 "Integration" Mark Rothschild Seth Hill & Tom M. Apostol
Integration and differentiation are the inverse of each other.
8 8 "The Apple and the Moon" Peter F. Buffa Don Bane
An apple falls and the moon orbits the earth because of gravity.
9 9 "Moving in Circles" Mark Rothschild Deane Rink
Uniform circular motion has bot constant speed and constant acceleration.
10 10 "Fundamental Forces" Mark Rothschild Don Bane
Gravity, electromagnetism and the strong and weak nuclear forces.
11 11 "Gravity, Electricity, Magnetism" Peter F. Buffa Don Bane
How electricity and magnetism relate to the speed of light.
12 12 "The Millikan Experiment" Mark Rothschild Albert Abrams
Millikan's determination to accurately measure the charge of an electron.
13 13 "Conservation of Energy" Mark Rothschild Seth Hill
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
14 14 "Potential Energy" Mark Rothschild Don Bane
Systems that are stable are at their lowest potential energy.
15 15 "Conservation of Momentum" Peter Robinson Jack George Arnold
Momentum is conserved when two or more bodies interact.
16 16 "Harmonic Motion" Mark Rothschild Ronald J. Casden
Disturbing stable systems will produce simple harmonic motion.
17 17 "Resonance" Peter F. Buffa Ronald J. Casden
Resonance is produced when the frequency of a disturbing force comes close to the natural harmonic frequency of a system.
18 18 "Waves" Peter F. Buffa Ronald J. Casden
Waves are a series of disturbances that propagate through solids, liquids and gases.
19 19 "Angular Momentum" Peter F. Buffa Jack George Arnold & David L. Goodstein
Objects traveling in circles have angular momentum.
20 20 "Torques and Gyroscopes" Mark Rothschild Jack George Arnold & David L. Goodstein
A force acting on a spinning object can cause it to precess.
21 21 "Kepler's Three Laws" Peter F. Buffa Seth Hill
Kepler discovered the orbits of the planets are ellipses.
22 22 "The Kepler Problem" Peter F. Buffa Seth Hill
Kepler used Newton's laws to create his own laws of planetary motion.
23 23 "Energy and Eccentricity" Peter F. Buffa Seth Hill
The conservation of energy and angular momentum help determine how eccentric an orbit will be.
24 24 "Navigating in Space" Peter F. Buffa Don Bane
The laws that describe planetary motion are used to navigate in space.
25 25 "Kepler to Einstein" Peter F. Buffa Don Bane & David L. Goodstein & Jack George Arnold
Einstein used Newton and Kepler's laws to work on his theory of relativity.
26 26 "Harmony of the Spheres" Peter F. Buffa David L. Goodstein & Jack George Arnold
Putting music to the orbits of the planets.
[edit]The Mechanical Universe ...and Beyond
27. Beyond the Mechanical Universe
The world of electricity and magnetism, and 20th-century discoveries of relativity and quantum mechanics.
28. Static Electricity
Eighteenth-century electricians knew how to spark the interest of an audience with the principles of static electricity.
29. The Electric Field
Faraday's vision of lines of constant force in space laid the foundation for the modern force field theory.
30. Capacitance and Potential
Franklin proposes a successful theory of the Leyden jar and invents the parallel plate capacitor.
31. Voltage, Energy, and Force
When is electricity dangerous or benign, spectacular or useful?
32. The Electric Battery
Volta invents the electric battery using the internal properties of different metals.
33. Electric Circuits
The work of Wheatstone, Ohm, and Kirchhoff leads to the design and analysis of how current flows.
34. Magnetism
Gilbert discovered that the earth behaves like a giant magnet. Modern scientists have learned even more.
35. The Magnetic Field
The law of Biot and Sarvart, the force between electric currents, and Ampère's law.
36. Vector Fields and Hydrodynamics
Force fields have definite properties of their own suitable for scientific study.
37. Electromagnetic Induction
The discovery of electromagnetic induction in 1831 creates an important technological breakthrough in the generation of electric power.
38. Alternating Currents
Electromagnetic induction makes it easy to generate alternating current while transformers make it practical to distribute it over long distances.
39. Maxwell's Equations
Maxwell discovers that displacement current produces electromagnetic waves or light.
40. Optics
Many properties of light are properties of waves, including reflection, refraction, and diffraction.
41. The Michelson-Morley Experiment
In 1887, an exquisitely designed measurement of the Earth's motion through the ether results in the most brilliant failure in scientific history.
42. The Lorentz Transformation
If the speed of light is to be the same for all observers, then the length of a meter stick, or the rate of a ticking clock, depends on who measures it.
43. Velocity and Time
Einstein is motivated to perfect the central ideas of physics, resulting in a new understanding of the meaning of space and time.
44. Energy, Momentum, and Mass
The new meaning of space and time make it necessary to formulate a new mechanics.
45. Temperature and the Gas Law
Hot discoveries about the behavior of gases make the connection between temperature and heat.
46. The Engine of Nature
The Carnot engine, part one, beginning with simple steam engines.
47. Entropy
The Carnot engine, part two, with profound implications for the behavior of matter and the flow of time through the universe.
48. Low Temperatures
With the quest for low temperatures came the discovery that all elements can exist in each of the basic states of matter.
49. The Atom
A history of the atom, from the ancient Greeks to the early 20th century, and a new challenge for the world of physics.
50. Particles and Waves
Evidence that light can sometimes act like a particle leads to quantum mechanics, the new physics.
51. Atoms to Quarks
Electron waves attracted to the nucleus of an atom help account for the periodic table of the elements and ultimately lead to the search for quarks.
52. The Quantum Mechanical Universe
A last look at where we've been and a peek into the future.
The first 26 episodes are titled "The Mechanical Universe" on the show itself.[2] The last 26, episodes 27 through 52. are titled "The Mechanical Universe ...and ...展开Beyond".[3]
[edit]The Mechanical Universe
# # Title Directed by Written by
1 1 "Introduction" Peter F. Buffa Jack Arnold
Brief overview of the material in the first 26 episodes.
2 2 "The Law of Falling Bodies" Peter F. Buffa Peter F. Buffa
How falling bodies behave and an introduction to the derivative.
3 3 "Derivatives" Mark Rothschild Pamela Kleibrink
Review of the mathematical function the derivative.
4 4 "Inertia" Peter F. Buffa Albert Abrams
How Galileo used the law of inertia to answer questions of the stars.
5 5 "Vectors" Peter F. Buffa Deane Rink
Vectors not only have a magnitude but also a direction.
6 6 "Newton's Laws" Mark Rothschild Ronald J. Casden
Newton's first, second and third laws.
7 7 "Integration" Mark Rothschild Seth Hill & Tom M. Apostol
Integration and differentiation are the inverse of each other.
8 8 "The Apple and the Moon" Peter F. Buffa Don Bane
An apple falls and the moon orbits the earth because of gravity.
9 9 "Moving in Circles" Mark Rothschild Deane Rink
Uniform circular motion has bot constant speed and constant acceleration.
10 10 "Fundamental Forces" Mark Rothschild Don Bane
Gravity, electromagnetism and the strong and weak nuclear forces.
11 11 "Gravity, Electricity, Magnetism" Peter F. Buffa Don Bane
How electricity and magnetism relate to the speed of light.
12 12 "The Millikan Experiment" Mark Rothschild Albert Abrams
Millikan's determination to accurately measure the charge of an electron.
13 13 "Conservation of Energy" Mark Rothschild Seth Hill
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
14 14 "Potential Energy" Mark Rothschild Don Bane
Systems that are stable are at their lowest potential energy.
15 15 "Conservation of Momentum" Peter Robinson Jack George Arnold
Momentum is conserved when two or more bodies interact.
16 16 "Harmonic Motion" Mark Rothschild Ronald J. Casden
Disturbing stable systems will produce simple harmonic motion.
17 17 "Resonance" Peter F. Buffa Ronald J. Casden
Resonance is produced when the frequency of a disturbing force comes close to the natural harmonic frequency of a system.
18 18 "Waves" Peter F. Buffa Ronald J. Casden
Waves are a series of disturbances that propagate through solids, liquids and gases.
19 19 "Angular Momentum" Peter F. Buffa Jack George Arnold & David L. Goodstein
Objects traveling in circles have angular momentum.
20 20 "Torques and Gyroscopes" Mark Rothschild Jack George Arnold & David L. Goodstein
A force acting on a spinning object can cause it to precess.
21 21 "Kepler's Three Laws" Peter F. Buffa Seth Hill
Kepler discovered the orbits of the planets are ellipses.
22 22 "The Kepler Problem" Peter F. Buffa Seth Hill
Kepler used Newton's laws to create his own laws of planetary motion.
23 23 "Energy and Eccentricity" Peter F. Buffa Seth Hill
The conservation of energy and angular momentum help determine how eccentric an orbit will be.
24 24 "Navigating in Space" Peter F. Buffa Don Bane
The laws that describe planetary motion are used to navigate in space.
25 25 "Kepler to Einstein" Peter F. Buffa Don Bane & David L. Goodstein & Jack George Arnold
Einstein used Newton and Kepler's laws to work on his theory of relativity.
26 26 "Harmony of the Spheres" Peter F. Buffa David L. Goodstein & Jack George Arnold
Putting music to the orbits of the planets.
[edit]The Mechanical Universe ...and Beyond
27. Beyond the Mechanical Universe
The world of electricity and magnetism, and 20th-century discoveries of relativity and quantum mechanics.
28. Static Electricity
Eighteenth-century electricians knew how to spark the interest of an audience with the principles of static electricity.
29. The Electric Field
Faraday's vision of lines of constant force in space laid the foundation for the modern force field theory.
30. Capacitance and Potential
Franklin proposes a successful theory of the Leyden jar and invents the parallel plate capacitor.
31. Voltage, Energy, and Force
When is electricity dangerous or benign, spectacular or useful?
32. The Electric Battery
Volta invents the electric battery using the internal properties of different metals.
33. Electric Circuits
The work of Wheatstone, Ohm, and Kirchhoff leads to the design and analysis of how current flows.
34. Magnetism
Gilbert discovered that the earth behaves like a giant magnet. Modern scientists have learned even more.
35. The Magnetic Field
The law of Biot and Sarvart, the force between electric currents, and Ampère's law.
36. Vector Fields and Hydrodynamics
Force fields have definite properties of their own suitable for scientific study.
37. Electromagnetic Induction
The discovery of electromagnetic induction in 1831 creates an important technological breakthrough in the generation of electric power.
38. Alternating Currents
Electromagnetic induction makes it easy to generate alternating current while transformers make it practical to distribute it over long distances.
39. Maxwell's Equations
Maxwell discovers that displacement current produces electromagnetic waves or light.
40. Optics
Many properties of light are properties of waves, including reflection, refraction, and diffraction.
41. The Michelson-Morley Experiment
In 1887, an exquisitely designed measurement of the Earth's motion through the ether results in the most brilliant failure in scientific history.
42. The Lorentz Transformation
If the speed of light is to be the same for all observers, then the length of a meter stick, or the rate of a ticking clock, depends on who measures it.
43. Velocity and Time
Einstein is motivated to perfect the central ideas of physics, resulting in a new understanding of the meaning of space and time.
44. Energy, Momentum, and Mass
The new meaning of space and time make it necessary to formulate a new mechanics.
45. Temperature and the Gas Law
Hot discoveries about the behavior of gases make the connection between temperature and heat.
46. The Engine of Nature
The Carnot engine, part one, beginning with simple steam engines.
47. Entropy
The Carnot engine, part two, with profound implications for the behavior of matter and the flow of time through the universe.
48. Low Temperatures
With the quest for low temperatures came the discovery that all elements can exist in each of the basic states of matter.
49. The Atom
A history of the atom, from the ancient Greeks to the early 20th century, and a new challenge for the world of physics.
50. Particles and Waves
Evidence that light can sometimes act like a particle leads to quantum mechanics, the new physics.
51. Atoms to Quarks
Electron waves attracted to the nucleus of an atom help account for the periodic table of the elements and ultimately lead to the search for quarks.
52. The Quantum Mechanical Universe
A last look at where we've been and a peek into the future.
