Phenakistoscope

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Phenakistoscope影片简介

  比利时著名物理学家约瑟夫普拉多发现:当一个物体在人的眼前消失后,该物体的形象还会在人的视网膜上滞留一段时间,这一发现,被称之为“视象暂留原理”。普拉多根据此原理于1832年发明了“诡盘”。“诡盘”能使被描画在锯齿形的硬纸盘上的画片因运动而活动起来,而且能使视觉上产生的活动画面分解为各种不同的形象。“诡盘”的出现,标志着电影的发明进入到了科学实验阶段。1834年,美国人霍尔纳的“活动视盘”试验成功;1853年,奥地利的冯乌却梯奥斯将军...展开在上述的发明基础上,运用幻灯,放映了原始的动画片。
  The phenakistoscope (also spelled phenakistiscope) was an early animation device, the predecessor of the zoetrope. It was invented in 1832 simultaneously by the Belgian Joseph Plateau and the Austrian Simon von Stampfer.
  One variant of the phenakistoscope was a spinning disc mounted vertically on a handle. Around the center of the disc a series of pictures was drawn corresponding to frames of the animation; around its circumference was a series of radial slits. The user would spin the disc and look through the moving slits at the disc's reflection in a mirror. The scanning of the slits across the reflected images kept them from simply blurring together, so that the user would see a rapid succession of images with the appearance of a motion picture (see also persistence of vision). Another variant had two discs, one with slits and one with pictures; this was slightly more unwieldy but needed no mirror. Unlike the zoetrope and its successors, the phenakistoscope could only practically be used by one person at a time.
  The word "phenakistoscope" comes from Greek roots meaning "optical deceiver" or "to cheat", as it deceives the eye by making the pictures look like an animation. As technology along with popularity increased in the early twentieth century, coin operation was utilized on machines, coining the term "Nickelodeon," which would be later be used somewhat freely to describe events charging five cents or a "nickel."
  The Special Honorary Joseph Plateau Award, a replica of Plateau's original phenakisticope, is presented every year to a special guest of the Flanders International Film Festival whose achievements have earned a special and distinct place in the history of international film making.
Phenakistoscope
又名
诡盘
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